User Perceptions of Vocabulary Learning Features in Duolingo and Babbel: A Comparative Analysis of Effectiveness and User Satisfaction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55737/qjss.vi-i.25345Keywords:
Duolingo, Vocabulary Acquisition, Babbel, Cognitive Load Theory, Spaced Repetition Theory,, User Perceptions, Content Analysis, Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL)Abstract
This study conducts a comparative analysis of two prominent mobile applications for language learning, Duolingo and Babbel, focusing on their vocabulary acquisition features through the lenses of Spaced Repetition Theory (SRT) and Cognitive Load Theory (CLT). Utilizing a content analysis methodology, user reviews from the Google Play Store were systematically coded and analyzed to identify key themes related to usability, user satisfaction, and learning effectiveness. The findings reveal that Duolingo excels in engaging users through gamification and interactive elements, fostering a playful learning environment that encourages consistent practice. However, its structure may lead to increased cognitive load due to a lack of clear guidance. Conversely, Babbel offers a more systematic and formal approach, emphasizing grammar and real-life context, which effectively reduces cognitive load and enhances vocabulary retention. Despite its strengths, Babbel's lack of gamified elements may limit user engagement. This research contributes to the understanding of Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) by highlighting the strengths and limitations of each application, providing insights into future development in language learning technologies. The study underscores the importance of aligning application design with user preferences to optimize vocabulary learning outcomes.
References
Ajisoko, P. (2020). The use of duolingo apps to improve English vocabulary learning. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 15(07), 149. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v15i07.13229
Alsanousi, Bassam, Albesher, A. S., Do, H., & Ludi, S. (2023). Investigating the user experience and evaluating usability issues in AI-enabled learning mobile apps: An analysis of user reviews. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications : IJACSA, 14(6). https://doi.org/10.14569/ijacsa.2023.0140602
Anderies, A., Agustina, C., Lipiena, T., Raaziqi, A., & Gunawan, A. A. S. (2023). User Experience analysis of Duolingo using User Experience questionnaire. Engineering, MAthematics and Computer Science Journal (EMACS), 5(3), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.21512/emacsjournal.v5i3.9227
Apoko, T. (2023). The students’ perceptions on the use of mobile-assisted language learning through Duolingo in improving vocabulary mastery at the tertiary level. English Review Journal of English Education, 11(1), 17-26. https://doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v11i1.7069
Basal, A., Yilmaz, S., Tanriverdi, A., & Sari, L. (2016). Effectiveness of mobile applications in vocabulary teaching. Contemporary Educational Technology, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/6162
Betoncu, O., Faslı, F. G., & Ozdamli, F. (2021). Designing an effective learning environment for language learning during the covid-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 752083. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.752083
Chen, X. (2016). Evaluating language-learning mobile apps for second-language learners. Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.18785/jetde.0902.03
Darsih, E. and Asikin, N. (2020). Mobile-assisted language learning: EFL learners' perceptions toward the use of mobile applications in learning English. English Review Journal of English Education, 8(2), 19. https://doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v8i2.2999
Essafi, M. (2024). Investigating mobile-assisted language learning apps: Babbel, memorise, and Duolingo as a case study. Journal of Curriculum and Teaching, 13(2), 197. https://doi.org/10.5430/jct.v13n2p197
Fakhrurriana, R. (2024). The perceptions of using the Duolingo application in learning English for students' vocabulary mastery. Batara Didi English Language Journal, 3(1), 45-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.56209/badi.v3i1.82
Faradisa, L., Afrila, I., Faroh, I., & Choirunnisa, G. (2022). The use of Duolingo to assist EFL students of Prof. Kh. Saifuddin Zuhri, State Islamic University, in learning vocabulary. Conference on English Language Teaching, 2, 14-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/celti.v2.29
Fitria, N., Usman, M., & Sahara, N. (2023). Duolingo application for advancing English speaking skills. Journal of Innovation in Educational and Cultural Research, 4(4), 587–595. https://doi.org/10.46843/jiecr.v4i4.630
Gafni, R., Achituv, D. B., & Rahmani, G. (2017). Learning foreign languages using mobile applications. Journal of Information Technology Education. Research, 16, 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3855
Hadina, N., Sari, M. K., & Yoni, E. (2023). Student’s perception of using Duolingo as an English learning application. Journal of Educational Management and Strategy, 2(2), 146–154. https://doi.org/10.57255/jemast.v2i2.291
Irudayasamy, J., Uba, S. Y., & Hankins, C. A. (2021). Exploration and exploitation of mobile apps for English language teaching: A critical review. English Language Teaching, 14(4), 43. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v14n4p43
Kacetl, J., & Klímová, B. (2019). Use of smartphone applications in English language learning—A challenge for foreign language education. Education Sciences, 9(3), 179. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci9030179
Kukulska-Hulme, A., & Viberg, O. (2018). Mobile collaborative language learning: State of the art: Mobile collaborative language learning. British Journal of Educational Technology: Journal of the Council for Educational Technology, 49(2), 207–218. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12580
Liu, L., Zhang, L., Ye, P., & Liu, Q. (2018). Influence factors of satisfaction with mobile learning APP: An empirical analysis of China. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 13(03), 87. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v13i03.8381
Megawati, Hamid, R., & Sangkala, I. (2023). Improving the vocabulary of the students by using Duolingo Application at the Second Grade of SMP Negeri 1 Kelara. English Language Teaching Methodology, 3(1), 13–19. https://doi.org/10.56983/eltm.v3i1.176
Nami, F. (2019). Educational smartphone apps for language learning in higher education: Students’ choices and perceptions. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 82–95. https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.5350
Nurhayati, E. (2024). The implementation of the Duolingo app in increased students’ vocabulary mastery. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Undiksha, 11(3), 258-263. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpbi.v11i3.47287
Nurhisyam, R., Usman, S., Agussatriana, A., & Rofiqoh, R. (2023). University students’ perception in learning vocabulary through Duolingo. E-Journal of ELTS (English Language Teaching Society), 10(3), 295–305. https://doi.org/10.22487/elts.v10i3.3189
Panfilova, V., Spichak, V., & Zhumakhanova, A. (2022). Educational mobile games as a tool for increasing vocabulary when learning a foreign language. International Journal of Web-Based Learning and Teaching Technologies, 17(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJWLTT.298624
Persson, V., & Nouri, J. (2018). A systematic review of second language learning with mobile technologies. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 13(02), 188. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v13i02.8094
Polakova, P., & Klimova, B. (2022). Vocabulary mobile learning application in blended English language learning. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 869055. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.869055
Powers, C. (2019). The use of apps in foreign language education: A survey-driven study. North Texas Journal of Undergraduate Research, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.12794/journals.ntjur.v1i1.78
Purwanto, A. (2023). Students’ perception of using Duolingo for learning English vocabulary. Jet (Journal of English Teaching), 9(1). https://ejournal.uki.ac.id/index.php/jet/article/view/4506
Saad, S. and Rahim, N. (2022). Vocabulary acquisition using Duolingo in French language learning: a Malaysian context. E-Bangi Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 19(2), 256-281
Sakas, D. P., & Reklitis, D. P. (2021). The impact of organic traffic of crowdsourcing platforms on airlines’ website traffic and user engagement. Sustainability, 13(16), 8850. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13168850
Santos, L. (2020). The discussion of communicative language teaching approach in language classrooms. Journal of Education and E-Learning Research, 7(2), 104-109. http://dx.doi.org/10.20448/journal.509.2020.72.104.109
Shadiev, R., Liu, T., & Hwang, W.-Y. (2020). Review of research on mobile‐assisted language learning in familiar, authentic environments: Review of research on MALL in familiar contexts. British Journal of Educational Technology: Journal of the Council for Educational Technology, 51(3), 709–720. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12839
Suhardi, S. and Hidayatullah, M. (2023). Implementasi aplikasi Duolingo dalam meningkatkan kosa kata bahasa inggris. Bidayatuna Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Mandrasah Ibtidaiyah, 6(1), 44-59. http://dx.doi.org/10.54471/bidayatuna.v6i1.2015
Sweller, J. (1988). Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning. Cognitive Science, 12(2), 257–285. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog1202_4
Tran, T. N., & Nguyen, T. T. (2024). Transforming language acquisition: Advanced artificial intelligence approaches for second language education in Asia. In Research Square. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4182646/v1
Zhovnir, M., Shevchenko, O., & Leshchenko, T. (2023). Incorporating educational smartphone apps for teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language to medical students. Advanced Education, 10(22), 103–121. https://doi.org/10.20535/2410-8286.274964